| I. Overview of pump enterprises State-owned enterprises (such as Shen pump, Shi pump, Changsha electric pump, Shanghai Electric Power Plant, etc.) with high-tech pumps for power plants (including nuclear power), metallurgy and petrochemicals, KSB, in the same world-renowned pump companies (such as the pump-KSB, ITT Nanjing Goulds, Ji Lite - Stubbs original, Bo pump - Stubbs original, large resistance - Sulzer Special), Buddha Pump - Andritz, Dalian Empire, Shanghai Nicole, etc.) into our country gradually, the rapid development of private pump business. Now about 1000 domestic pump companies, accounting for 1/10 of the world's 10,000 pump companies; domestic pump output of about 22 billion yuan in 2004, accounting for about 1/10 of the world's pump value of 27 billion US dollars, the world's top ten pump companies account for about the output value World output of 22% of the pump, China's top ten pump companies also account for about 22% of the national output value of the pump. World Top Ten Pump Companies by Sales Value in 2004 (Quoted from Shen Pumps March 2005 Shanghai Industry Association): 1. United States ITT (1.701 billion U.S. dollars) 2. United States FLOWSERVE (1.03 billion U.S. dollars) 3. Denmark Grundfos (1.01 billion U.S. dollars) 4. Japan Ebara (10.0 billion U.S. dollars) 5. Germany KSB (9.0 billion U.S. dollars) ); 6. Sulzer, Switzerland (683 million U.S. dollars); 7, Wells, UK (584 million U.S. dollars); 8, Germany Ville (584 million U.S. dollars); 9. IDEX (US $ 427 million) 400 million US dollars) Domestic Top 10 Pumps by Sales Value in 2004 (Due to incomplete statistics, may be incorrect for reference only): Shanghai Kaiquan Pump Group Co., Ltd. Shenyang Pump Factory Co., Ltd. Shanghai KSB Shanghai Electric Power Plant Co., Ltd. Large resistance Pump Co., Ltd. Shijiazhuang Pump Co., Ltd. Changsha Electric Pump Co., Ltd. Changsha Pump Technology Co., Shanghai Liancheng Pump Co., Ltd. Shanghai Oriental Pump Co., Ltd. The annual growth rate of domestic pump output 10.5%, about 1.5 times the national economic growth rate, 2.5 times the world annual growth rate of pump 4.3%. With the development of construction, electric power, steel, petrochemical and environmental protection industries and the increase of pump products exported to the third world, this rapid growth situation will remain for several years. In terms of region, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai have enjoyed the fastest growth with annual pump output accounting for about 60% of the national total. Shanghai pump annual output accounts for about 20% of the national total, and half of the top ten in terms of sales value are in Shanghai. As a result, Shanghai has gradually become National pump center. Second, the status quo and development of pump technology 1. The source of pump products in China can be divided into several joint design, introduction, self-developed several (1) joint design products to sink pump-based research units, the 20th century 60 ~ 80 In the era, the organization of the pump plant carried out a number of joint design pump. Such as IS (IB) type single-stage single suction centrifugal pump; IH chemical pump; S (SH) double suction centrifugal pump; D (DG) type multistage pump; W type vortex pump; Type deep well pump; HW type mixed flow pump; QJ type deep well submersible pump; IR type hot water pump; BPZ type sprinkler self-priming pump; FY type corrosion resistant submerged centrifugal pump; 3G type three screw pump. At that time, these products were all the leading products in China and are still in production. However, some products have a structural (modeling) performance index lagging behind and should be gradually replaced with new products. (2) Introduction of Products Before the 1980s, there were very few pump technologies introduced in our country. To the early stage of reform and opening up, a large number of pump technologies were introduced from abroad. With the foreign pump companies successively entering into China in the form of joint ventures or sole proprietorship, some new Pump product technology. E.g: Stone pump - Wolman's slurry pump; Stone Pump (Tianjin Motor Factory) - Germany's Ritz Company's well with submersible pumps; Shen pump (on the pump) - Germany KSB's boiler feed pump; Shanghai Electric Power Plant - British Weir boiler feed pump; Shanghai Pump Factory - KSB condensate pump; Changsha Pump Factory - Japan's Hitachi condensate pump; acid pump factory in Dalian - Swiss Sulzer company CZ, ZA (ZE) and other chemical processes Pump; Shanghai Pump Factory pump - the United States to Germany 赛 to the company's sewage pump; Foshan Pump Factory - Germany's Siemens water ring vacuum pump; Shanghai Pump Factory-KSB's hot water pumps, marine pumps; Tianjin Industrial Pump Plant - Germany Alvie Levin company's screw pump; Tianjin Industrial Pump Plant - Japan's big shake the company's marine pump; Nanjing deep well pump plant - the German ABS company's submersible sewage pump; Changsha Pump Factory - the United States Ingersoll's large vertical ramp pump ; The first pump plant in Shanghai - the British M · J's high-lift multistage centrifugal pumps; Xiangfan 525 plants - French H · S company's phosphate pump. The introduction of these pump products, the technology is more mature, more advanced performance, to promote the development of pump technology in China has played an important role as the main pump products in our country, is still mass-produced. Some of these products are also structurally or performanceally problematic and should be further improved. |
World Top Ten Pump Companies by Sales Value in 2004 (Quoted from Shen Pumps March 2005 Shanghai Industry Association):
1. United States ITT (1.701 billion U.S. dollars) 2. United States FLOWSERVE (1.03 billion U.S. dollars) 3. Denmark Grundfos (1.01 billion U.S. dollars) 4. Japan Ebara (10.0 billion U.S. dollars) 5. Germany KSB (9.0 billion U.S. dollars) ); 6. Sulzer, Switzerland (683 million U.S. dollars); 7, Wells, UK (584 million U.S. dollars); 8, Germany Ville (584 million U.S. dollars); 9. IDEX (US $ 427 million) 400 million US dollars)
Domestic Top 10 Pumps by Sales Value in 2004 (Due to incomplete statistics, may be incorrect for reference only):
Shanghai Kaiquan Pump Group Co., Ltd. Shenyang Pump Factory Co., Ltd. Shanghai KSB Shanghai Electric Power Plant Co., Ltd. Large resistance Pump Co., Ltd. Shijiazhuang Pump Co., Ltd. Changsha Electric Pump Co., Ltd. Changsha Pump Technology Co., Shanghai Liancheng Pump Co., Ltd. Shanghai Oriental Pump Co., Ltd.
The annual growth rate of domestic pump output 10.5%, about 1.5 times the national economic growth rate, 2.5 times the world annual growth rate of pump 4.3%. With the development of construction, electric power, steel, petrochemical and environmental protection industries and the increase of pump products exported to the third world, this rapid growth situation will remain for several years.
In terms of region, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai have enjoyed the fastest growth with annual pump output accounting for about 60% of the national total. Shanghai pump annual output accounts for about 20% of the national total, and half of the top ten in terms of sales value are in Shanghai. As a result, Shanghai has gradually become National pump center.
Second, the status quo and development of pump technology 1. The source of pump products in China can be divided into several joint design, introduction, self-developed several (1) joint design products to sink pump-based research units, the 20th century 60 ~ 80 In the era, the organization of the pump plant carried out a number of joint design pump. Such as IS (IB) type single-stage single suction centrifugal pump; IH chemical pump; S (SH) double suction centrifugal pump; D (DG) type multistage pump; W type vortex pump; Type deep well pump; HW type mixed flow pump; QJ type deep well submersible pump; IR type hot water pump; BPZ type sprinkler self-priming pump; FY type corrosion resistant submerged centrifugal pump; 3G type three screw pump.
At that time, these products were all the leading products in China and are still in production. However, some products have a structural (modeling) performance index lagging behind and should be gradually replaced with new products.
(2) Introduction of Products Before the 1980s, there were very few pump technologies introduced in our country. To the early stage of reform and opening up, a large number of pump technologies were introduced from abroad. With the foreign pump companies successively entering into China in the form of joint ventures or sole proprietorship, some new Pump product technology. E.g:
Stone pump - Wolman's slurry pump; Stone Pump (Tianjin Motor Factory) - Germany's Ritz Company's well with submersible pumps; Shen pump (on the pump) - Germany KSB's boiler feed pump; Shanghai Electric Power Plant - British Weir boiler feed pump; Shanghai Pump Factory - KSB condensate pump; Changsha Pump Factory - Japan's Hitachi condensate pump; acid pump factory in Dalian - Swiss Sulzer company CZ, ZA (ZE) and other chemical processes Pump; Shanghai Pump Factory pump - the United States to Germany 赛 to the company's sewage pump; Foshan Pump Factory - Germany's Siemens water ring vacuum pump; Shanghai Pump Factory-KSB's hot water pumps, marine pumps; Tianjin Industrial Pump Plant - Germany Alvie Levin company's screw pump; Tianjin Industrial Pump Plant - Japan's big shake the company's marine pump; Nanjing deep well pump plant - the German ABS company's submersible sewage pump; Changsha Pump Factory - the United States Ingersoll's large vertical ramp pump ; The first pump plant in Shanghai - the British M · J's high-lift multistage centrifugal pumps; Xiangfan 525 plants - French H · S company's phosphate pump.
The introduction of these pump products, the technology is more mature, more advanced performance, to promote the development of pump technology in China has played an important role as the main pump products in our country, is still mass-produced. Some of these products are also structurally or performanceally problematic and should be further improved.
(3) Foreign joint ventures in China (Sole proprietorship) Pumping enterprises such as Shanghai KSB-Omega (RDL) double suction pump, boiler feed pump, condensate pump; Hereby) - Pulp pump; Nanjing Goulds-ISO single-stage single-suction centrifugal pump, P-type multi-stage centrifugal pump; Dalian Empire - shielding pump; Shenyang Fly - Submersible sewage pump; Suzhou Grundfos - stamping Pump; Lanzhou resistance Chi - screw pump.
Most of these products are of much better quality than domestic ones, and sales are good despite the high prices.
(4) Self-developed products AY pump; TSWA multistage centrifugal pump; ZJ slurry pump; pipeline pump; direct centrifugal pump; high-rise pump; air conditioning pump; submersible sewage pump; vertical sewage pump; Pump); double suction pump; pulp pump.
Most of these products are common, the degree of standardization is not high, the performance needs to be further improved.
2. The key pump products imported from some to now basically all of the country As the introduction of products and KSB and other famous enterprises to enter, China's pump production capacity increased significantly. The main key to the national economy sector pumps can basically be produced. For example: supercritical boiler feed pump (temperature pressure 25 ~ 35MPa); ethylene and hydrogenation device with high-speed pump, high-pressure multi-stage pump; steel high-pressure descaling pump; Dongshen, South Water Diversion Project with a large water pump; High-lift (1000m) drainage pump; power plant with flue gas desulfurization pump; refinery high-temperature oil pump.
3. CAD-based new technologies are widely used (1) the pump mold, blades and important parts began to use CNC machining, which can improve pump manufacturing quality, Figure 1 is the use of CNC milling machine axial flow pump blades and for 3D illustration of processed leaves.
(2) pump hydraulic design and rendering software gradually replace the artificial calculation and drawing Some people asked how high the efficiency of the pump design with this software, which layman said, no matter how good the software also people to use, can melt into the design The design ideas and experience, and fast and accurate. Figure 2 is JP1 software designed spiral centrifugal pump impeller hydraulic map, the design of the map only 10min, artificial design may take two days. (3) Calculation of flow field in pump From the quasi-ternary non-viscous flow to all-ternary viscous flow Progress The main method of quasi-ternary non-viscous flow calculation is the iteration of two kinds of flow surfaces, S1 and S2. Dimension reduction into two-dimensional, that is, with the meridian (axial) and arbitrary surface (flow surface) on the flow iterative solution to solve the three-dimensional flow problems. Due to the complexity of three-dimensional flow simplified two-dimensional solution, making the accuracy of the solution affected. In recent years, computational fluid dynamics (Computational Fluid Dynamics), referred to as the advent of CFD, provides a new idea and means for fluid mechanical flow field calculation. CFD flow field calculations, the first area to be drawn into a three-dimensional entity, and then generate the grid (GridGeneration), and then use the commercial CFD software Fluent calculations, shown in Figure 3.
(4) internal flow field measurement Previously often used to measure the probe, on the one hand the needle itself has a great impact on the flow, on the other hand measuring the rotation flow field conversion device is also very complicated. Further use of laser Doppler velocimetry (LVD), which is the laser light irradiation particles, the light is scattered by the particles, according to the degree of scattering measured flow rate. This method has been mature and widely used, but generally only measure the speed of a certain component. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) is now being used and works by dispersing the tracer particles in the flow field, illuminating the flow field with a pulsed light source, and recording the particle image on the negative through two or more exposures , Thereby obtaining the flow velocity distribution. This method breaks through the traditional limitation of single-point measurement, and can measure the velocity distribution in a section instantaneously and without contact, with high measurement accuracy.
(5) Optimization Design Methods In order to improve the performance of the pump, many scholars conducted optimization design method research. In summary, there are mainly the following methods: the speed coefficient optimization method based on the excellent model statistics; the loss extreme value optimization method with the least loss of water loss; the criterion screening optimization method with an index as the objective function. It is noteworthy that the current method of optimization design may only be instructive for the design of a specific pump. In addition, the advent of advanced technologies such as CFD has largely diluted the interest in optimization design and the number of scholars who have studied optimization methods in recent two years has been gradually decreasing.
4. Progress of Non-clogging Pump and Low Specific Speed ​​Pump Technology (1) The design method of non-clogging pump summarized by our country basically reaches the practical level. The domestic widely used design methods mainly include: design of double-flow passage Impeller; Grid Conformal Transformation Method Design Spiral Centrifugal Impeller; According to the outer diameter of the impeller, the largest outer diameter of the volute and throat area of ​​the three elements of the design of swirling impeller.
(2) The research of theory and design of low specific speed pump is extensive and in-depth non-overload design method has been popularized and applied, the use of short and long blades and short blade bias achieved good results.
5. Axial flow pump model to reach the advanced level of similar foreign models September 25, 2004 to January 16, 2005, the country's 27 models, participated in the Ministry of Water Resources Pumping Model Test on the same stage in Tianjin. The pilot strong leadership, well-organized, fair supervision, data accuracy. Model than the speed of 500 to 1500, the basic coverage of the axial flow pump range; Compared with the original model, the efficiency increased by about 2%, traffic increased by about 5%. Seven models have an average efficiency of over 85% and have reached the advanced level of similar foreign models. Most of the low-head pumps, such as the National South-to-North Water Diversion Project, will be selected from these models.
Third, the pump technology development prospects 1. Note that the discovery and development of new areas Pump is a general-purpose machinery, is widely used, and new areas continue to appear with the pump. For example: heart pump, water pump, computer cooling pump, air conditioning pump, thermal oil pump, oil and gas mixing pump, flue gas desulfurization pump, oil platform injection pump. There may still be places where pumps should be used without pumps, and new areas of pumps will continue to emerge, which requires our attention and discovery.
2.Advanced technologies such as CFD and PIV are combined with actual experiments to study the advanced nature of CFD and other new technologies. It is undeniable that colleges and universities now have software that is under calculation. More than 50% of the graduate students' topics are related to this. A new technology developed from a mature process, the current should be used as a practical solution to practical engineering problems, with the use of traditional design methods. In addition to try to combine the actual, otherwise it is difficult to mature and improve. Do not choose the title at the beginning too large, and some choose a pump from the import count to export, a pumping station from the sink into the pool, this calculation is difficult to judge. Like the wear parts of the slurry pump, the vortex parts of the inlet runner, etc., are well suited for research using CFD and PIV techniques. In addition, some large pump factories should cooperate with qualified institutions to carry out research in this field.
3. Establish a sense of quality, attention to standardization, universal Yangzhou Chuan Yuen (Taiwan-funded), Wuxi billion Chi (Singapore-owned) two pump companies, the use of domestic technology and equipment to produce pump products comparable with foreign advanced products, the reason There is a sense of quality.
Shanghai KSB company Omega double suction pump, 28 varieties, sharing 6 axes, each pump installed A, B two impeller, each impeller cut three times the outer diameter, so that each pump has eight performance curves, large Amplitude increases the use of the pump.
Nanjing Gould produced ISO single-stage single suction centrifugal pump, 39 varieties, sharing five axes, each pump has four performance curves, compact structure, light weight, small size.
Some pump factories in our country, there is a design of a pump order, a year pump, looking back may be a pump of a kind, high manufacturing costs can imagine.
4. Emphasis on key technologies and key product research and development To improve the technical level of the pump must solve the key technical issues. For example: Slurry pump wear mechanism research; High efficiency slug pump hydraulic model research; Self-priming pump to simplify the structure and improve the efficiency of the research; Easy to repair high efficiency, high flow, high-lift mine drainage pump and pump research and development; Research and development of marine pumps; research and development of large-scale flue gas desulfurization pumps and high-temperature and high-pressure pumps for liquefaction of coal; research on reliability improvement of shielded pumps and magnetic pumps; research and development of new metering pumps (diaphragm pumps); Research and so on.
Fourth, the use of composite technology to achieve innovation and development of pump technology Throughout the development of pump technology, many are the result of composite technology. E.g:
(1) The combination of centrifugal impeller and vortex impeller becomes a centrifugal vortex self-priming pump.
(2) jet nozzle and centrifugal pump combined to become a centrifugal jet self-priming pump.
(3) The combination of pump impeller and turbine runner, to become a water pump.
(4) centrifugal pump and piston diaphragm pump combine to form a strong self-priming pump.
(5) The inducer and the centrifugal wheel combine to improve the cavitation resistance of the pump.
(6) Double suction impeller and single suction impeller combine to solve the cavitation and axial force balance.
(7) the length of the blades combined use to solve the impeller import blockage and export proliferation issues.
(8) short blade to the back of the long blade side of the Department to prevent the axial vortex and outlet flow separation.
(9) Downloading of low-lift impeller lifting liquid, loading high-lift impeller pressurized long-axis liquid pump (double-wheel liquid pump), to solve long axis liquid pump manufacturing difficulties, unreliable operation (see Figure 4).
(10) The mechanical seal static and dynamic ring installed in the last impeller seal ring at the end, as axial force balance device, the use of impeller pressure balance before and after the balance of axial force, as can solve the dynamic and static ring Wear problems, economic benefits are significant.
(11) The principle of the balance disc is moved to the impeller rear cover, due to the formation of radial and axial two gaps, the balance disc can be the same as the automatic balance of axial force. When the axial force is large, the impeller moves toward the inlet, the axial clearance increases, the pressure behind the impeller decreases, and the impeller moves backward. Vice versa (see Figure 5).
(12) paste packing seal, the seal of the United States, the first company to use Redstone, and sales in China, it is graphite, fiber, tetrafluoroethylene, silicone and other components of the paste, the use of the process, you can use Injection gun injection (supplement). It is said that in some cases, the effect is good. Although not yet available for use on all pumps, this is a valuable idea that promises to be a breakthrough in sealing technology.
(13) Slurry pump impellers, with twisted blades, may reduce wear due to compliance with flow conditions and increase efficiency.
Successful examples of the use of composite technology abound, to make good use of live composite technology requires a wide range of knowledge, and dare to warehouse new.
V. Conclusion Pump technology development in China is a big problem, without a comprehensive survey and summary, it is impossible to say comprehensive and accurate. Inappropriate place, welcome to correct.
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