2. cyanidation process mentioned Gold Cyanide gold extraction process remains the predominant method of modern extracting gold from ore or concentrate. The cyanidation gold extraction process includes: cyanide leaching, washing and leaching of the leaching slurry, extraction of gold from cyanide or cyanide pulp, and smelting of the finished product. Gold mines conventional plant of basic cyanide gold extraction process using two types, one is based on gold extraction process thickener continuous countercurrent washing, recovery of gold cementation with zinc powder, a so-called conventional cyanidation (CCD method and CCF The other method is a non-filtered cyanide carbon slurry process (CIP method and CIL method) which does not require filtration and washing, and uses activated carbon to directly adsorb gold from cyanide pulp.
The conventional cyanidation gold extraction process is divided into two types according to the treatment materials: one is a cyanide plant that processes flotation gold concentrate or treats amalgam and re-selects tailings. Most of the processes used are large state-owned mines. Such as Hebei Jinchangyu; Liaoning Wulong, Henan Yangzhaitun; Shandong Zhaoyuan, Xincheng, Jiaojia, Sanshandao gold mine. The other is to treat muddy oxidized ore, using a full mud mixing cyanide gold extraction plant. Such as Jilin trench; Anhui Xinqiao mine gold silver ore; Heilongjiang unity ditch.
China began to use the cyanidation process to raise gold in the early 1930s. During the period from 1936 to 1938, the Jinguashi Gold Mine in Taiwan used gold cyanide-zinc powder replacement process to extract gold, with an annual output of 150,000 gold.
After entering the 1960s, in order to adapt to the development of the national economy, vigorously develop the production of mineral gold. In some mines, intermittent mechanical agitation cyanide gold extraction process and continuous stirring cyanide gold extraction process were used to replace the percolation cyanidation method. Gold extraction process. In 1967, firstly, in the Zhaoyuan Gold Mine Lingshan and Linglong Gold Exchange Plant in Shandong, the continuous mechanical agitation cyanidation process was used to produce gold. The gold extraction by cyanidation method was increased from 70% to 93.23%. From then on, continuous mechanical agitation cyanide gold extraction process The major gold mines across the country were quickly promoted. In 1970, the Jinchangyu Gold Mine and the Wulong Gold Mine Cyanide Plant were completed and put into operation in 1977. Since then, a number of mechanically stirred cyanide plants have been completed and put into operation in China. The cyanidation process has entered a new stage of development.
The continuous development of gold production and the rapid development of gold resources have increased the amount of argillaceous gold-bearing oxidized ore from the 1980s, and developed a study on the full-cyanide agitation of such ore, and in the united ditch of Heilongjiang. The gold mine built a cyanide plant that processes 500 tons of ore per day and put it into production in 1983. Since then, the whole mud cyanidation process has been gradually promoted and applied. It has been used in Henan, Jilin, Hebei, Shaanxi, Inner Mongolia and other places to build factories to raise gold. At the same time, in order to solve the difficulty of muddy oxidized ore in dense filtration solid-liquid separation, in November 1979, the Changchun Gold Research Institute began to use the unfiltered carbon slurry gold extraction process for the ore of the Tuanjiegou gold mine. The two-year experimental study has been successful. On this basis, in August 1984, the Linghu Gold Mine in Henan Province designed and utilized domestically produced equipment to build China's first carbon slurry gold extraction plant that processes 50t ore per day. The process of gold extraction in China's cyanidation process has taken a big step forward. The carbon slurry extraction process has become one of the important methods for the treatment of gold and gold mines for the treatment of muddy oxidized ore. Since then, the charcoal pulp gold extraction plant has been built in Jilin, Henan, Inner Mongolia, and Shaanxi. At the end of 1984, the Gold Bureau of the Ministry of Metallurgical Industry promoted the application of the carbon extracting process in China, transplanted and digested foreign advanced technology and equipment, and cooperated with the United States David McGee in the Xiqiao Gold Mine of Shaanxi Province and Zhangjiakou of Hebei Province. In the gold mine, a carbon leaching gold plant with a daily processing ore of 250t (Xi'an) and a 450t (Zhangjiakou) was built. According to the survey, the Zhangjiakou gold mine reached 93.54% (the recovery rate of carbon slurry in 1988 was 90.25%).
According to the experimental research of science and technology innovation, the level of gold production technology in China has been greatly improved. For example, in the Jinchangyu gold mine, zinc powder was used instead of zinc wire to replace the gold mud, so the replacement rate reached 99.89%, the gold grade of gold mud increased significantly, and the zinc consumption decreased from 2.2kg/t to 0.6kg/t. Production costs have been greatly reduced. It has also achieved remarkable results in the promotion and application of mines in Zhaoyuan, Jiaojia, Xincheng and Wulong. The heap leaching process of low-grade oxidized ore has been promoted and applied in Henan, Hebei, Liaoning, Yunnan, Hubei, Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Shaanxi and other provinces after the successful trial of the Danshan Hushan gold mine. The economic effect is obvious and low. The development and utilization of grade oxidized minerals has opened the way. According to incomplete statistics, the annual production of gold produced by heap leaching in China has reached more than 10,000 (the total amount of gold produced by heap leaching in Henan Province is 13,000), but compared with developed countries, the scale of heap leaching in China is relatively small. Generally, it is 1×103～3×103t/heap, and there are fewer 10,000 t/heap. There is also a big gap in technology. In 1988, the large-scale 10,000-ton heap leaching field of Shuangwang Gold Mine in Taibai County, Shaanxi Province was put into operation. The result (ore grade 1.5g/t).
The introduction and digestion of foreign advanced technology and equipment (such as high-efficiency thickeners in the United States, double-spiral stirring and leaching tanks, Japan's Mars pumps, belt filters, etc.) have further advanced China's gold production in terms of equipment level and technical level. The improvement has also promoted the development of China's gold production equipment in the direction of high efficiency, energy saving, large-scale and automation. In the scientific research of new processes such as thiourea gold extraction, thiosulfate gold extraction, pre-oxidation bacteria leaching, pressure catalytic leaching, and resin adsorption, new progress has been made in recent years. In 1979, the Changchun Gold Research Institute successfully carried out the thiourea gold extraction test. In 1984, it built a thiourea gold extraction workshop with a daily processing flotation gold concentrate of 10-20 tons in Guangxi Longshui Mine (in 1987, it passed the ministerial appraisal). . Although other processes are in the experimental research stage and are preparing to start production, it is enough to show that China's gold extraction technology has developed to a new level.
(V) Smelting and Recycling of Gold Gold smelting is the last process in gold production, and its products are finished gold. Smelting has the distinction of refining and refining. The refined and refined products are alloys (commonly known as the combined gold), and the gold mines in China are mostly the prime gold, which is directly sold to the banks. The gold rich ore and various gold concentrates are transported to the non-ferrous smelting plant for processing and refining finished gold (commonly known as gold content). In the 40 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China, gold smelting and comprehensive recycling have developed rapidly, smelting technology and process equipment have been continuously improved, and smelting costs have been decreasing, which has promoted the development of gold production.
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