Platinum Group Metal Ore Dressing Processing Technology

Platinum group metal ore processing (processingofplatinumme talsores)

The process of separating and enriching platinum group metals from ores containing platinum group metals. Platinum group metals include platinum, palladium, rhodium, iridium, osmium, ruthenium of six. Humans have discovered that platinum group metals are relatively late, and have only been more than two hundred years old. However, platinum group metals have special use properties, and thus have been widely used in modern science and cutting-edge technology, and become very rare metal materials.

Minerals and resources Platinum group metals are less abundant in the earth's crust and are dispersed, with few concentrated deposits. This brings considerable difficulties to the mining and beneficiation of platinum group metals. The main industrial minerals for extracting platinum group metals are natural platinum, natural antimony ore, arsenic platinum ore, sulphur platinum ore, palladium ore, sulphide ore. The composition and main characteristics of these minerals are as follows: (1) Natural platinum contains about 84% of Pt, about 12% of Fe, and still contains a small amount of Cu, Ni, Os, Ir, Rh, Pd, etc.; its density is as high as 21.5g/cm3. (2) Natural antimony ore contains 0s33%~36%, Ir29%～36%, Ru12%～15%, Pt8%～13%, Rh1%, other elements 7%～9%; density 21.6. (3) Arsenic platinum ore (PtAs2) with a density of 10.6. (4) The sulphur platinum ore [(PtPd) (AsS):], yttrium palladium (Pd. Sb), sulphide ore (RuS2) three minerals have high density.

Platinum group metal ore deposits can be divided into primary and sand deposits into two categories; original deposit can be divided into two kinds of copper-nickel deposits of platinum group metal based platinum deposits and veins occur in ultrabasic rocks containing.

Process re-election is the primary method for enriching platinum group metal minerals from platinum-containing metal ores. The equipment used is a chute, a jig, a shaker, and the like. Platinum group metal minerals, like natural gold, have poor surface wettability and can be floated using xanthate. Most of the platinum group minerals associated with copper-nickel sulfide ore are low in grade, fine in particle size (see mineral size), complex in symbiotic state, and can be enriched by flotation method along with main metal sulfides.

The sand-platinum ore deposit is the earliest source of platinum group metals. When mining the ore mining used sand mining boat, generally after washing, jigging chute and enrichment, to give a crude containing platinum, gold, and a large number of magnet ore, chromium ore, coarse iron ore of titanium, send Go to the shore for a selection. The selection uses shaker selection, magnetic separation and wind beneficiation.

Processing of vein platinum ore The Rustemberg mine of the Rustenburg Platinum mine in South Africa, used the re-election and flotation combined process to treat platinum-containing oxidized and sulfided ore as early as the 1930s. The oxidized ore contains 7-15 g/t of platinum group metals. The recovery rate of platinum group metals in different mines is 65%-85%, and the recovery rate of treated sulfide ore is 97%. The density of minerals in ore ranges from 2.7 for talc to 16 to 17 kg/m for iron-platinum. It brings difficulties to grinding and grading operations. In order to avoid excessive grinding of heavy minerals with coarse grain size, the suede chute is used to separate the ore from the pre-fractionation mill. Later, due to the increased proportion of sulfide minerals, the single-slot flotation machine was used to replace the suede chute to recover the easily dissociated coarse-grained sulfide mineral. The flotation uses xanthate as a collector , cresylic acid as a foaming agent, copper sulfate as an activator, and dextrin or starch as an inhibitor of gangue minerals such as talc. The flotation is obtained by flotation, sweeping and multiple selections to obtain flotation concentrate, the yield is 4% to 5%, the platinum group metal grade is 60g/t, the recovery is 82%-85%, including cr203< 0.3%. The flotation concentrate is selected by a shaker to obtain a high-grade concentrate containing 30% to 40% of the platinum group metal, and then sent to a smelting plant for refining.

Recovery of platinum group metals from copper-nickel sulfide ore Groups of platinum group metals in China, the former Soviet Union and Canada are mainly recovered as by-products from copper-nickel sulfide ore. China's copper-nickel sulfide deposits are produced in ultrabasic rocks. The platinum group minerals mainly include arsenic platinum ore, natural platinum, platinum ore and palladium gold. The average copper content in the ore is O.23%, nickel O.42%, platinum palladium O.11～O.77g/t, and the content of lanthanum, cerium, lanthanum and cerium ranges from several thousandths per ton to tenths Ke does not wait. The platinum group metal is closely symbiotic with the copper-nickel sulfide, the copper-nickel concentrate is obtained by flotation, the platinum group metal is enriched into the copper concentrate, and the platinum group metal is further extracted through the smelting process.