Xiagong Chu Sheng Motor : The power steering is to assist the driver in the adjustment of the direction of the car, so as to reduce the driver's strength in driving the steering wheel. Of course, the power steering also plays a certain role in the safety and economy of the car.
Introduction
As far as the current power steering system on the car and the information I can see, it can be roughly divided into three categories.
(1) The first type of mechanical hydraulic power steering system
(2) The second category is the electronic hydraulic power steering system
(3) The third type of electric power steering system
Mechanical hydraulic power steering system
1. Mechanical hydraulic power steering system is generally composed of hydraulic pump, oil pipe, pressure flow control valve body, V-type transmission belt, oil storage tank and other components.
2. Whether the car is turning or not, this system must work, and when the large steering speed is low, the hydraulic pump needs to output more power to obtain a relatively large boost. Therefore, resources have also been wasted to some extent. It can be recalled: Driving such a car, especially when turning at a low speed, feels that the direction is relatively heavy, and the engine is also relatively strenuous. Because of the high pressure of the hydraulic pump, it is also easier to damage the booster system.
In addition, the mechanical hydraulic power steering system is composed of a hydraulic pump, a pipeline, and an oil cylinder. In order to maintain the pressure, the system always needs to work in a working state with high energy consumption. This is also one of the causes of resource consumption.
Electronic hydraulic power steering system
1. Main components: oil storage tanks, power steering control units, electric pumps, steering gears, power steering sensors, etc. Among them, the power steering control unit and the electric pump are an integral structure.
2. Working principle: The electronic hydraulic steering assist system overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional hydraulic steering assist system. The hydraulic pump it uses is no longer directly driven by the engine belt. Instead, it uses an electric pump. All its working states are calculated by the electronic control unit according to the vehicle's travel speed, steering angle and other signals. Simply speaking, at low speed and large steering, the electronic control unit drives the electronic hydraulic pump to output high power at high speeds to make the driver save the direction; when the vehicle is driving at high speed, the hydraulic control unit drives the electronic hydraulic pump at a lower speed. The operation saves a portion of engine power while not affecting the need for high-speed steering. Is the use of a more general power steering system,
Electric Power Steering (EPS)
1. The full English name is Electronic Power Steering, abbreviated EPS, which uses the power generated by the motor to assist motorists in power steering. The composition of the EPS, different vehicles, although the structural components are not the same, but generally similar. It is generally composed of a torque (steering) sensor, an electronic control unit, a motor, a speed reducer, a mechanical steering device, and a battery power source.
2. The main working principle: when the car is turning, the torque (steering) sensor will “feel†the steering wheel torque and the direction of the rotation, these signals will be sent to the electronic control unit through the data bus, the electronic control unit will be based on the drive The data signals such as the torque and the direction to be transferred are sent to the motor controller so that the motor can output a corresponding amount of rotational torque according to the specific requirements, thereby generating power steering. If you do not turn, the system will not work, in the standby state waiting for the call. Due to the operating characteristics of electric power steering, you will feel that driving such a car has a better sense of direction and is more stable at high speeds. As the saying goes, the direction is not floating. And because it does not work without turning, it also saves energy to a certain extent. General high-end cars use such a power steering system more.
3. Some electric vehicles are crowned with electric power steering. Actually, they are not pure electric power steering in the true sense. They also require a hydraulic system, but they are supplied by the electric motor. The oil pump of the traditional hydraulic power steering system is driven by the engine. In order to ensure the lightness when the car is turning in place or at a low speed, the displacement of the oil pump is determined by the flow rate when the engine is idling. Most of the time when the car is running at a speed higher than the idle speed and the straight-line driving state, only the oil output from the oil pump can be returned to the oil storage tank via the control valve, causing a great "parasitic loss". In order to reduce such losses, a motor-driven oil pump is used. When the vehicle runs in a straight line, the motor runs at a low speed. When the vehicle is steered, the motor runs at a high speed. By controlling the rotational speed of the motor, the flow rate and pressure of the pump are adjusted to reduce "parasitic losses."
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