Optical fiber transmission, that is, data and signal transmission using optical fiber as a medium. Optical fiber can not only be used to transmit analog signals and digital signals, but also to meet the needs of video transmission. Optical fiber transmission is generally carried out using optical cables. The data transmission rate of a single optical fiber can reach several Gbps, and the transmission distance can reach several tens of kilometers without using a repeater.
Loss occurs when light is transmitted through an optical fiber. This loss is mainly caused by the transmission loss of the fiber itself and the splice loss at the fiber joint. Once the fiber optic cable is ordered, the transmission loss of the fiber itself is basically determined, and the splice loss at the fiber connector is related to the fiber itself and the on-site construction.
Optical fiber is a very convenient tool for transmitting signals. One of the thin wires of the cable can replace thousands of physical communication lines to complete large-scale and long-distance communication.
The eight advantages of fiber transmission are as follows:
1. High sensitivity and free from interference from electromagnetic noise.
2. Small size, light weight, long life and low price.
3, insulation, high pressure, high temperature, corrosion resistance, suitable for special environment work.
4, the geometry can be adjusted according to environmental requirements, signal transmission is easy.
5, high bandwidth, large attenuation of communication, long transmission distance.
6. The signal crosstalk is small and the transmission quality is high.
7. High confidentiality.
8, easy to lay and carry materials.
At the end of the cable, two technologies can be used: welding and cold bonding.
The so-called cold connection is opposite to the fusion, which refers to the mechanical connection of the cable through the "cold joint", and the entire connection process can be completed within 2 minutes. With the rapid development of FTTH fiber-to-the-home, the demand for fiber optic cold connectors has also increased significantly.
Advantages of fiber-optic hot melt: easy operation and low maintenance cost. Disadvantages: The initial investment is large, and there are more special tools.
Advantages of cold junction: Connected by a simple crimp tool. Disadvantages: The post-maintenance cost is high and the construction process is fine.
Fiber-optic hot-melting: Also called fiber-melting, it is to connect two-core fiber through a specific equipment fiber fusion splicer.
Cold connection of fiber:
It is used for fiber optic docking fiber or fiber optic docking pigtail. This is equivalent to making a connector. Fiber optic docking pigtail refers to the fiber core butt fiber core but not the former tail fiber head. The thing used for this cold connection is called Fiber optic cold junction.
Main factors affecting fiber splice loss
There are many factors affecting the splice loss of optical fiber, which can be roughly divided into two types: optical fiber intrinsic factor and extrinsic factor.
1. The fiber intrinsic factor refers to the fiber itself, mainly four points
(1) The optical fiber mode field diameter is inconsistent;
(2) Two fiber core diameter mismatches;
(3) The core cross section is not round;
(4) The core and the cladding are not concentric.
2. The extrinsic technology that affects the fiber's connection loss is the continuation technology
3. The influence of other factors. The level of operation of the personnel, the operation steps, the level of the fiber process, the degree of electrode cleaning in the fusion splicer, the setting of the welding parameters, and the cleanliness of the working environment all affect the value of the splice loss.
The impact of other factors. The level of operation of the personnel, the operation steps, the level of the fiber process, the degree of electrode cleaning in the fusion splicer, the setting of the welding parameters, and the cleanliness of the working environment all affect the value of the splice loss. The impact of other factors. The level of operation of the personnel, the operation steps, the level of the fiber process, the degree of electrode cleaning in the fusion splicer, the setting of the welding parameters, and the cleanliness of the working environment all affect the value of the splice loss. The impact of other factors. The level of operation of the personnel, the operation steps, the level of the fiber process, the degree of electrode cleaning in the fusion splicer, the setting of the welding parameters, and the cleanliness of the working environment all affect the value of the splice loss.
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