2 Abstract In order to solve the problem of high-efficiency production and processing precision of engine exhaust pipe, the exhaust pipe of the machine tool is an important component for connecting the engine and the muffler. Widely used in all types of gasoline or diesel engines.
Recently, we designed and manufactured the gasoline engine 02 exhaust pipe special processing machine designed and manufactured for Chongqing Heli Machinery Co., Ltd., and made a useful attempt to design exhaust pipe parts processing equipment, and achieved good results in practice.
1 Process analysis of processed parts plus 2 exhaust pipe joints are designed according to the design of a Japanese machine manufacturer. It is an important part for connecting engines and exhaust pipes, and has high technical requirements. The workpiece process is as simple as one.
The castings of 250, the weight of 350 annual production program is 200,000 in the near future, and the long-term production is 30.4 million. The main machining needs to complete the angular plane and the elliptical plane of the joint in the two joint faces 1 and the three through holes on the angled plane are drilled. The machining accuracy of the two analytical workpieces on the elliptical plane is required to ensure that the workpiece is set after 69.4. To ensure that the two planes have an angular dimension of 9025=65, when drilling the hole, it is required that the two holes on the elliptical plane have a size of 46±0.25 for the center hole 22 of the exhaust passage, and an angular plane is required. The hole size of the exhaust hole center hole 22 is 41. The date of acceptance 2001019 is not high in its own precision and surface roughness, and it is easy to process on a special machine tool. However, the positions of the holes at the center of the center position of the exhaust passage center hole 221 are required to be high, and the manufacturing process is difficult. This is the key to the overall design choice of the machine tool and the success of the structural design.
2 The selection and design of the overall plan of the machine tool According to the exhaust pipe parts and its processing requirements, the overall plan of the machine tool can be selected as follows: the general equipment and the special knife and fire aids are used for CNC machine tools or machining hearts. Special machining machines are used.
Analyze the processing technology and annual production requirements of the processed parts. If a general machine tool plus special auxiliary tools are selected, since there are many processing contents of the workpiece, it is necessary to set up multiple machine tools and multiple working sites, and the workpiece needs to change the clamping positioning surface multiple times. It is difficult to ensure the relative positional accuracy of the workpiece; and the operator's movement is large. Technical level requirements. The production efficiency is low and it is difficult to adapt to the mass production requirements. Despite the choice of several machine tools or machining centers, although the positioning accuracy of the workpiece can be reduced, the tool change is frequent, the cutting amount is large, the machine load is heavy and heavy, and the economy is poor for mass production. . Considering the machining accuracy of the parts and the specific requirements of the large-scale annual production program, we believe that the special processing equipment for the selected combination machine is more suitable. Based on the seven analysis, we decided to design a milling and drilling combination machine that uses both sides of the horizontal station for simultaneous machining. The two iron cutting heads and two drilling heads of the machine tool are respectively arranged on both sides of the 32-pressure power sliding table with a working stroke of 630, and the hydraulic automatic clamping fixture is mounted on the longitudinal feed power sliding table. The belt clamp and the workpiece realize the vertical fast feed and complete the milling work. The feed motion milling is sent to the drilling station in the longitudinal direction, and is placed on the 1250 slide table arranged on both sides to realize the two planes of the part. The drill hole and the lower machine are divided into the first position of the vertical position, the first lower position is the loading and unloading station, the lower position is the milling lower position; the 笫江 position is the drilling boring station. After the machine has been clamped last time, all the milling and cutting operations are completed. Choosing the overall plan of this machine tool is beneficial to ensure the position and dimensional accuracy of the machined parts, and has high productivity. The configuration of the machine tool is equivalent to the automatic production line of small combined machine tools.
3 machine tool drilling multi-axis headstock design is known from the part process analysis. The key to drilling hole machining is to ensure that the centering position accuracy of 356.5 pairs of center hole 22 on the angle 4 plane is ±0.25, and 28.5 on the elliptical plane. The centering position accuracy of the center 22 is ±25. This size is better than ours. If you take the active drill template guide mode and complete the drilling process at the same time, the positional accuracy between the hole and the hole is easy to achieve ±25. , design and manufacturing should also be less accurate. After researching with the process design department, in order to ensure the centering accuracy of the hole. It is agreed that the drilling of the hole is the same as the boring of the 22 center hole. This is drilling the angular plane. Not only the design of the Buchi root drilling axis. In addition, it is necessary to insert the main rail of the de-cutting, that is, the main spindle, and the minimum axial spacing of the main shaft is one-piece. For drilling the elliptical plane, not only two drilling spindles but also a boring insert is required. The main shaft has a common spindle. The minimum shaft spacing of the main shaft is 23. According to the current design of the combined machine tool, the main shaft box design with the minimum shaft spacing of 24. The smaller shaft spacing is less than the 2-axis spacing. In order to design the 岱1, the minimum shaft spacing of the boring box is 231.1. The structure is guaranteed to be stable and stable. We have made necessary improvements and innovations to the spindle box transmission structure based on the design method of the combined machine tool. The design scheme has been tested in actual production and use, and the spindle box transmission structure design 3 1 The transmission scheme is compact. To achieve structural transmission in a small space. Reduce the transmission route, the intermediate 锪 hinge shaft 1 is used as both the main shaft and the transmission shaft, and the two intermediate transmission shafts 5 and 6 are driven in the rear.
In order to achieve a smaller inter-axis run we have taken a staggered arrangement of the radial axial bearings. In order to avoid radial dimensional interference, the radial bearings of the main shaft 23 are arranged between the front and rear walls of the headstock, and the radial ball bearings are used to replace the steam needle bearings. In order to reduce the shaft spacing, the conventional radial bearing adopts the needle bearing. Because the working performance of the needle roller bearing is not ideal in actual use, we choose the domestic 1000902 ultra-light series diameter by comparing the price performance of the bearing structure at home and abroad. To the ball bearing. Its outer diameter 28 width is 5=7, compact structure and good working performance.
Dawei wheel width. The piece moves the flat key that transmits the torque to the back end of the tooth profile.
4 The structural design features of the machine tool The two parts of the milling and drilling machining of the machine are arranged in two parts, taking two machining time periods, so the vibration resistance and machining stability of the machine tool are improved during milling. We have taken, when, the design measures to enhance and improve the structural rigidity of the support. Practice has proved that this kind of cloth can only meet the rigidity and precision requirements of the machine tool.
In order to ensure the angle between the two milling planes of the workpiece, the machine tool takes the milling cutter heads on both sides 65. The angle installation configuration is as follows: In the selection of the machine tool configuration tilt angle layout scheme, two kinds of meanings are considered in the design. To the convenience of manufacturing and installation adjustment, the machine configuration should be arranged horizontally on the side, and the other side should be 65, the inclination angle. The other kind of meaning is that the cutting heads on both sides should be inclined at an angle from the installation and stress test which are beneficial to the workpiece. . Although this adds difficulty to the design, manufacture, and inspection, it is beneficial to the mounting force of the workpiece and the stability during the machining and cutting process.
Analyze the force condition of the cutting process. Because the cutting of the tool during the milling process is vertical, the plane is washed and the force is split. The direction of the component is related to the direction of the clamping force of the machine tool. The component force is pressed downwards, which is beneficial to the workpiece to reduce the labor intensity of the operator in order to improve the degree of automation. The machine tool adopts full hydraulic clamping and reliable adaptability, and the structure space is limited, in order to improve The rigidity of the spindle drive shaft. In the structure, the spindle drive shaft should be taken as large as possible to prevent the gear from colliding with the shaft diameter. We chose to cut the shaft with relatively small force. The smaller part of the shaft diameter is 12 to allow the gear to be profiled. The remaining spindle shafts take the standard spindle. 5. The drive shaft is accurate. The 20 machine tools are combined with automatic control of the machine and electric power to facilitate the automation of the machining process. In production, the operator only needs to load and unload the workpiece in the first place. Then press the cycle start button. Machine tool detection automatically completes the workpiece clamping, fast-forward work, return and relaxation, and other processing processes have achieved better results than the selection of general-purpose machine tool CNC machine tools.
4 spindle ç˜ and power ç˜ power transmission, coupling transmission.
According to the domestic data recommendation, the gear is connected to the gear. To improve the force and achieve the transmission scheme. We draw on the experience of foreign countries to take the form of coupling transmission. such. Not only the drive installation is easy to reduce vibration. At the time of the change, the force of the spindle of the 锪 hinge of the transmission was changed.
1 Improve the structural strength of the gear by the structure of the corpse and the standard modulus of the teeth, the gear structure space is limited, we take the number of gears is 1.5 or 2, the number of teeth to take the large factory 17. At the same time properly added to better solve the row For scraping and protection, the machine tool is provided with a protective cover along the working surface of the sliding table, and a plexiglass window that can slide up and down is arranged in the face of the operator's loading and unloading; the piece set talks about the forced circulation cooling system and the cut recycling station.
The machine tool has passed the test run test in recent years, and the automatic process has no high processing process; the stability of vibration resistance is good and the precision is maintained, and the productivity is high. The machine tool has been well received by one of the home and inside experts who came to the company for inspection.
(Finish)
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