Shipping documents

There are many types of transport documents, including the Ocean Bill of Lading, Sea Waybill, Air Waybill, Rail Waybill, Cargo Receipt, and Multimodal Transport Documents ( MTD) etc.

First, the sea bill of lading 1. The nature and role of the bill of lading Bill of lading is the cargo receipt issued by the carrier after receipt of the goods, but also the carrier's signature of the transport contract, the bill of lading also represents the ownership of the goods, is a kind of Voucher.

2. Types of ocean bills of lading Bills of lading can be classified from different perspectives:

According to whether the goods are loaded on the ship, they can be divided into Shipped Bills of Lading "(Shipped B/L) and "Received for shipment B/L"." Later, it became a "shipped bill of lading."

According to whether there are bad comments on the appearance of the goods on the declaration, they can be divided into “clean bills of lading” and “unclean bills of lading”. In international trade settlement, the bank only accepts "clean bills of lading", that is, the carrier did not endorse the bill of lading for any unfavorable situation of the appearance of the goods.

According to the written contents of the 'consignee' column in the bill of lading, it can be divided into the "name bill of lading" and the "instruction bill of lading", "bill of lading" consignee column, also known as the bill of lading, indicating the ownership of the goods. Named bill of lading, the column The name of a specific consignee can only be picked up by the consignee and cannot be transferred.The bill of lading is instructed, and it is divided into unregistered instructions and registered instructions: The unregistered bill of lading only fills in "To order" (by designation) and must be signed by the shipper. After the endorsement can be transferred, also known as 'blank rise.' Registered name of the bill of lading to fill out "To the order of." (With certain XX specified), the XX is a specific indicator, the bill of lading by its endorsement can be transferred, usually the entrusted bank; endorsement in two forms: A type of endorser who simply sign, known as a blank endorsement, another type of endorsement in addition to signing, also stated the name of the endorser (transferee), known as endorsement. In international trade, the “endorsed blank endorsement bill of lading” is commonly used, and it is customarily called “blank rise, blank endorsement”.

The different ways of operating a ship can be divided into liner bill of lading and charter party bill of lading. The liner holds the text of the terms of the contract of carriage and both the ship and the cargo are bound by it. The charter party’s bill of lading is bound by a separate charter party. Therefore, when the bill of lading is used, it is often necessary to provide a copy of the charter party contract.

Second, the railway bill transport railway transportation is divided into international railway transport and domestic railway transportation to Hong Kong and Macao, respectively, the use of international rail cargo transport bills and cargo receipts.

1. International Waybill for International Rail Cargo This single waybill is the contract of carriage concluded between the sending country’s railway and the consigner, and the waybill is issued, which means that the carrier has received the goods and accepted the shipment, and then stamped with the carrier's date stamp, which is the carrier. . The original waybill along with the goods sent to the terminal to the consignee is the basis for the delivery of the goods by the railway and the consignee and the collection of miscellaneous charges. The use of a copy stamped with a date stamp is one of the seller’s vouchers for bank settlement.

2. Cargo Receiving Saw Inland exports to Hong Kong and Macao via domestic railways are generally commissioned by China Foreign Trade Transportation Corporation. After the goods are loaded and shipped, SINOTRANS sends a cargo receipt to the shipper. The shipper uses this as proof of settlement and the cargo receipt is both the cargo receipt issued by the carrier and the transport contract signed by the carrier and the shipper.

3. Air Waybill Air Waybill is the contract of carriage between the carrier and the shipper, and it is also the cargo receipt issued by the carrier or its agent. The air waybill should not only be signed by the carrier or its agent, but must also be signed by the shipper. Air waybills, like railroad waybills, are not evidence of property rights. They cannot be used to withdraw goods. They must be made a registered name and cannot be endorsed.

The consignee took delivery with the airline's arrival notice and relevant certificates.

The original airway bills of transport are delivered in triplicate to the shipper’s airline and to the consignee on a random basis. Several copies are distributed by the airline in accordance with regulations.

4. Multimodal transport documents The multimodal transport document is issued by the carrier or its agent. Its role is similar to that of the ocean bill of lading. It is both a cargo receipt and a proof of a transport contract. It can be used as a document when the document is made up with an indication of a rise or an unnamed rise. The vouchers can be transferred by endorsement.

The multimodal transport document is similar to the combined transport bill of lading on the surface, but the combined bill of lading carrier is only responsible for the section it carries out, and the multimodal transport carrier is responsible for the entire process; the combined transport bill of lading is issued by the shipping company and includes the entire transportation including ocean transport. Multimodal transport documents are issued by multimodal transport carriers, but also include full transport. However, in a variety of modes of transport, ocean transport may not be included.