After long-term development, our country has become the largest energy producer and consumer in the world and has formed a relatively complete energy supply system. However, due to the huge total energy consumption and unreasonable industrial structure in our country, our country's overall energy efficiency is low , Energy demand, environmental carrying face greater pressure. Therefore, Premier Li Keqiang pointed out in his "Report on the Work of the Government" that China should step up energy conservation and emission reduction to control the total energy consumption, increase the proportion of non-fossil energy power generation, develop smart grid and distributed energy and encourage the development of wind energy and solar energy. Renewable Energy.
As an important technical means to deal with the energy problem in our country, distributed energy system possesses the salient features of a new generation of energy system: fuel diversification; equipment miniaturization; modularity; intelligent control and network management. Distributed energy technology is an efficient way of energy production and utilization, can achieve on-demand energy supply, to provide users with a variety of cold, heat, electricity and energy services, representing the concept and trend of energy technology development in the world today, It is an important direction for the development of energy industry in the world.
In recent years, some progress has been made in the research and application of distributed energy technologies in China. A batch of demonstration projects of distributed heat, electricity and cold cogeneration have been built in China, and some supportive policies have been promulgated by the state and local governments to promote the development of distributed energy .
However, it should be noted that there are still some important issues in the current development of distributed energy technologies in our country. For example, the demonstration projects and encouragement policies mainly focus on the natural gas-driven distributed energy system. However, the development of distributed renewable energy application technologies lags behind At the energy supply and output level of the system, the research and industrial development are mainly focused on the direction of the smart grid while insufficient attention is given to the heat and cold networks. The tendency of these technologies objectively limits the further promotion and promotion of distributed energy technologies so that the advantages of distributed energy technologies can not be fully reflected. Such as natural gas prices and power grid integration has become China's current further development of distributed energy technologies must face an important issue.
The author believes that to further promote the development and popularization of distributed energy in our country, we need to change the way of thinking. Distributed energy systems should not only be a certain type of energy utilization and conversion units or methods, but should be a combination of supply, transport And consumption of a system of energy use.
In this regard, the emergence of Internet thinking provides a new idea for the development of distributed energy technology in our country. Different from the traditional logic of industrial thinking, Internet thinking emphasizes system non-linear integration and industry cross-border; emphasizes the scale of system benefits rather than economies of scale; emphasizes system flatness and decentralization; and emphasizes the experience of end users. The thought of distributed energy system development under internet thinking will shift from the current thinking mode of energy production to a development mode of providing energy solutions for users in an all-round way.
Combining with the current process of urbanization and urbanization in rural areas in our country, distributed energy systems should be based on the family and unit users, starting from the user side, vigorously developing small and micro systems, and building smart energy micro-grids with its core , Hot network, cold network, clean water network), and gradually formed on the basis of community or urban localized intelligent energy supply network. At the same time, diversified and decentralized driving energy sources should be implemented on the input side of the system energy, and various forms of clean energy and renewable energy should be used in combination to reduce the single energy dependence rate so as to improve the reliability of distributed energy systems and ensure energy Safety. In energy management, energy production, transportation and consumption as a whole system to consider, through the Internet technology and information control methods to regulate the LAN a variety of primary energy consumption, the output and distribution of various energy efficiency, so as to meet Users seeking to seek the premise of regional energy efficiency and maximize economic efficiency, to achieve the purpose of improving the overall efficiency of the use of energy within the LAN.
The most prominent feature of the networked distributed energy system is that it can restore and reflect the product attributes of energy to the greatest extent. At the same time, the boundary between producers, service providers and consumers of energy will disappear, and the benefits of the three will converge With role swaps, the market will play a key role in energy production and consumption. Users of distributed energy systems can sell secondary energy products that meet their own load demands through the energy network or purchase secondary energy products that have insufficient capacity.
In the current primary energy (such as natural gas, oil, renewable energy, etc.) and secondary energy prices (electricity, heat, cold energy, water, etc.) there is a big difference between the circumstances, through the control of distributed energy unit primary energy Consumer types and consumption, controlling the output type and output of secondary energy, users will be able to maximize their own energy and economic returns, which will greatly increase the enthusiasm of public and social capital to participate in the construction of distributed energy systems .
The development of distributed energy technologies driven by Internet thinking can form a new and diversified energy supply and consumption system and promote the construction of energy transmission and distribution networks and reserves which will bring about tremendous changes in the form of energy supply and consumption in our country. Will have a profound impact on technological innovation, industrial innovation and business model innovation.
At the same time, solar thermal technology, especially low-temperature solar thermal technology will get a rare opportunity for development:
First of all, compared with other primary energy sources such as natural gas and oil that drive distributed energy systems, solar energy is a renewable energy source and its acquisition cost is relatively low. With the development of China's solar collector industry, its use cost is also gradually reduced, at present the cost of low-temperature solar thermal collector has a strong competitive edge;
Secondly, the distribution of solar energy is extensive, the difference of its geographical distribution is obviously smaller than that of other primary energy, there is no transportation cost in the application process, which is a great advantage for its application to distributed energy system;
Thirdly, from the output side of the distributed energy system, it is the same as the gas turbine system that is used more frequently. At present, the distributed solar energy system with medium and low temperature can simultaneously provide all secondary energy output forms of electricity, heat, cold water and water, And related technology research have been more in-depth, formed a more complete research system. This makes it possible for both intelligent energy supply network for energy, but also with other distributed energy units coupled to form a complementary system.
To sum up the above points, the cost and technical characteristics of the low and medium temperature solar energy distributed energy system will have great advantages when applied to the localized intelligent energy supply network.
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