Pneumatic valve control common sense Overview A pneumatic control valve classification Pneumatic control valve is the pneumatic system in the control of air pressure, flow and flow direction, and to ensure the normal operation of pneumatic components or institutions of various types of pneumatic components. Components that control and regulate the pressure of the compressed air are called pressure control valves. Components that control and regulate the flow of compressed air are called flow control valves. Components that change and control the direction of airflow are called directional control valves. In addition to the three types of control valves described above, there are logic elements that can perform a number of logic functions, including jet elements with no moving parts inside the element and pneumatic logic elements with moving parts. In the structural principle, the logic element is basically the same as the directional control valve, only the volume and the smaller diameter are generally used to realize the logic operation function of the signal. In recent years, with the miniaturization of pneumatic components and the large number of applications of PLC control in pneumatic systems, the range of application of pneumatic logic components is gradually decreasing. Divided from the control mode, pneumatic control can be divided into two types of intermittent control and continuous control. In the intermittent control system, the pressure control valve, flow control valve and directional control valve are usually used to realize the program action. In the continuous control system, besides the pressure and flow control valves, servo and proportional control valves , In order to carry on the continuous control to the system. Pneumatic control valve classification shown in Figure 4.1. Second, the pneumatic control valve and hydraulic valve comparison (a) the use of energy Different pneumatic components and devices can be compressed air station centralized gas supply method, according to the different requirements and control points to adjust the pressure of their respective pressure relief valve. Hydraulic valves are equipped with a return line to facilitate the collection of used hydraulic oil tank. Pneumatic control valve through the exhaust port directly to the compressed air emissions. (B) the requirements of the leakage Different hydraulic valve on the leakage of strict requirements, while the internal leakage of small components is allowed. Pneumatic control valves, in addition to the gap-sealed valve, in principle, do not allow internal leakage. Pneumatic valve internal leakage may lead to the risk of accidents. Pneumatic pipelines, allowing a small leak; and hydraulic pipe leaks will cause the system pressure drop and the environment pollution. (C) of the lubrication requirements Different hydraulic system working medium is hydraulic oil, hydraulic valve does not exist on the lubrication requirements; pneumatic system working medium is air, air without lubrication, so many pneumatic valves require oil mist lubrication. Valve parts should be selected not easily corroded by water, or take the necessary anti-rust measures. (D) pressure range of different Pneumatic valve working pressure range lower than the hydraulic valve. Pneumatic valve pressure is usually less than 10bar, a few can reach less than 40bar. But the working pressure of the hydraulic valve is very high (usually within 50Mpa). If the pneumatic valve in the use of more than the maximum allowable pressure. Often there will be a serious accident. (E) the use of different characteristics of the general Pneumatic valve than the hydraulic valve compact, light weight, easy to integrate installation, valve high frequency, long service life. Pneumatic valve positive low-power, miniaturization of the direction of development, there have been only low-power 0.5W power solenoid valve. It can be directly connected with microcomputer and PLC programmable controller. It can also be installed on printed circuit board together with electronic devices. The air circuit can be connected through standard board, which can save a lot of wiring and is suitable for pneumatic industrial manipulator and complicated manufacturing Assembly line, etc. Third, the structural characteristics of pneumatic control valve Pneumatic control valve structure can be decomposed into the valve body (including valve seat and valve hole, etc.) and the valve heart of two parts, according to the relative position of the two, there are normally closed and normally open Two types. Valve from the structure can be divided into: cut-off, struts and skateboard three types of valves. (A) the structure and characteristics of the cut-off valve The valve-stop valve along the axial movement of the seat, control the intake and exhaust. Figure 4.2 shows the basic structure of the two-way cut-off valve. In Figure 4.2a, after the working air pressure is input to port P of the valve, the valve core is pressed against the valve seat under the spring and gas pressure, and the compressed air can not flow out from port A. Figure 4.2b shows the downward action of the valve stem Force, the spool moves down, off the valve seat, the compressed air can flow from the P port A port output. This is the cut-off valve switching principle. The valve shown in Figure 4.3 is a normally-on structure. Figure 4.3a is the initial state. In contrast to Figure 4.2a, the valve core leaves the valve seat under spring force and the compressed air flows from port P to port A for output. Figure 4.3b for the working state, the valve stem in the upward force, the valve core pressed against the valve seat closed, the flow channel is shut down, A no compressed air outflow. Figure 4.4 shows the structure of three-way cut-off valve, valve P, A, 0 three openings. Figure 4.4a for the initial state of the valve, the valve core is pressed on the valve seat, P port and A channel is off, A port and 0 port. Valve output A port is not output. Figure 4.4b is the working status. After the stem is forced to leave the valve seat on the valve seat and squeeze on the lower seat, close the exhaust O port, open the P port to the channel between the A port, compressed air from the P port to the A port output. Figure 4.4c shows the valve position where the valve is in the process of switching. At this point, P, A, 0 at the same time the three ports connected, but the string of gas phenomenon. In fact, for a fast-switching valve, this stringing does not have any effect on the valve's behavior. But when switching slowly, it should be noted. Cut-off valve structure determines the opening time is shorter, but the opening of large-diameter valve requires a larger opening force. Therefore, the cut-off valve is more used for small-caliber valves. When a large flow rate or high pressure is required, a pilot-type structure is often adopted. The method is to add a control piston, the pilot control of the air pressure generated in the piston larger operating force to make up for the above shortcomings. This keyword search: Jiuding Automatic Control Equipment Co., Ltd. pneumatic valve control common sense Overview A pneumatic control valve classification Pneumatic control valve is the pneumatic system in the control of air pressure, flow and flow direction, and to ensure that the pneumatic actuator or mechanism Various types of pneumatic components for normal work. Components that control and regulate the pressure of the compressed air are called pressure control valves. Components that control and regulate the flow of compressed air are called flow control valves. Components that change and control the direction of airflow are called directional control valves. In addition to the three types of control valves described above, there are logic elements that can perform a number of logic functions, including jet elements with no moving parts inside the element and pneumatic logic elements with moving parts. In the structural principle, the logic element is basically the same as the directional control valve, only the volume and the smaller diameter are generally used to realize the logic operation function of the signal. In recent years, with the miniaturization of pneumatic components and the large number of applications of PLC control in pneumatic systems, the range of application of pneumatic logic components is gradually decreasing. Divided from the control mode, pneumatic control can be divided into two types of intermittent control and continuous control. In the intermittent control system, the pressure control valve, flow control valve and directional control valve are usually used to realize the program action. In the continuous control system, besides the pressure and flow control valves, servo and proportional control valves , In order to carry on the continuous control to the system. Pneumatic control valve classification shown in Figure 4.1. Second, the pneumatic control valve and hydraulic valve comparison (a) the use of energy Different pneumatic components and devices can be compressed air station centralized gas supply method, according to the different requirements and control points to adjust the pressure of their respective pressure relief valve. Hydraulic valves are equipped with a return line to facilitate the collection of used hydraulic oil tank. Pneumatic control valve through the exhaust port directly to the compressed air emissions. (B) the requirements of the leakage Different hydraulic valve on the leakage of strict requirements, while the internal leakage of small components is allowed. Pneumatic control valves, in addition to the gap-sealed valve, in principle, do not allow internal leakage. Pneumatic valve internal leakage may lead to the risk of accidents. Pneumatic pipelines, allowing a small leak; and hydraulic pipe leaks will cause the system pressure drop and the environment pollution. (C) of the lubrication requirements Different hydraulic system working medium is hydraulic oil, hydraulic valve does not exist on the lubrication requirements; pneumatic system working medium is air, air without lubrication, so many pneumatic valves require oil mist lubrication. Valve parts should be selected not easily corroded by water, or take the necessary anti-rust measures. (D) pressure range of different Pneumatic valve working pressure range lower than the hydraulic valve. Pneumatic valve pressure is usually less than 10bar, a few can reach less than 40bar. But the working pressure of the hydraulic valve is very high (usually within 50Mpa). If the pneumatic valve in the use of more than the maximum allowable pressure. Often there will be a serious accident. (E) the use of different characteristics of the general Pneumatic valve than the hydraulic valve compact, light weight, easy to integrate installation, valve high frequency, long service life. Pneumatic valve positive low-power, miniaturization of the direction of development, there have been only low-power 0.5W power solenoid valve. It can be directly connected with microcomputer and PLC programmable controller. It can also be installed on printed circuit board together with electronic devices. The air circuit can be connected through standard board, which can save a lot of wiring and is suitable for pneumatic industrial manipulator and complicated manufacturing Assembly line, etc. Third, the structural characteristics of pneumatic control valve Pneumatic control valve structure can be decomposed into the valve body (including valve seat and valve hole, etc.) and the valve heart of two parts, according to the relative position of the two, there are normally closed and normally open Two types. Valve from the structure can be divided into: cut-off, struts and skateboard three types of valves. (A) the structure and characteristics of the cut-off valve The valve-stop valve along the axial movement of the seat, control the intake and exhaust. Figure 4.2 shows the basic structure of the two-way cut-off valve. In Figure 4.2a, after the working air pressure is input to port P of the valve, the valve core is pressed against the valve seat under the spring and gas pressure, and the compressed air can not flow out from port A. Figure 4.2b shows the downward action of the valve stem Force, the spool moves down, off the valve seat, compressed air can flow from the P port A port output. This is the cut-off valve switching principle. The valve shown in Figure 4.3 is a normally-on structure. Figure 4.3a is the initial state. In contrast to Figure 4.2a, the valve core leaves the valve seat under spring force and the compressed air flows from port P to port A for output. Figure 4.3b for the working state, the valve stem in the upward force, the valve core pressed against the valve seat closed, the flow channel is shut down, A no compressed air outflow. Figure 4.4 shows the structure of three-way cut-off valve, valve P, A, 0 three openings. Figure 4.4a for the initial state of the valve, the valve core is pressed on the valve seat, P port and A channel is off, A port and 0 port. Valve output A port is not output. Figure 4.4b is the working status. After the stem is forced to leave the valve seat on the valve seat and squeeze on the lower seat, close the exhaust O port, open the P port to the channel between the A port, compressed air from the P port to the A port output. Figure 4.4c shows the valve position where the valve is in the process of switching. At this point, P, A, 0 at the same time the three ports connected, but the string of gas phenomenon. In fact, for a fast-switching valve, this stringing does not have any effect on the valve's behavior. But when switching slowly, it should be noted. Cut-off valve structure determines the opening time is shorter, but the opening of large-diameter valve requires a larger opening force. Therefore, the cut-off valve is more used for small-caliber valves. When a large flow rate or high pressure is required, a pilot-type structure is often adopted. The method is to add a control piston, the pilot control of the air pressure generated in the piston larger operating force to make up for the above shortcomings.
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